Ecologically unequal exchanges driven by EU consumption

In our globalized economy, the consumption of goods and services induces economic benefits but also environmental pressures impacts around world. Consumption levels are especially high in current 27 member countries European Union (EU), which some wealthiest economies Here, we determine global distribution ten selected impacts, as well value added induced by EU from 1995 to 2019. We show that large shares all analysed outsourced regions outside EU, while more than 85% stay within countries. But there is uneven costs EU. Over period, largely decreased increased its borders. Eastern neighbours experienced highest per unit GDP associated with consumption. The findings this research add discussions on outsourcing highlight need for a reduction economy delivers affects environment. A study finds over period 1995–2019 were non-EU countries, stayed not evenly distributed.